Diagnosis and treatment of upper urinary tract calculi complicated with dual infection (report of 3 cases) / 中华泌尿外科杂志

Upper urinary tract calculi combined with dual infections is rare, and the antimicrobial therapy is complicated. This retrospective study analyzed the clinical data of 3 patients with upper urinary tract calculi combined with dual infection who were admitted to our hospital. Three patients were treated with piperacillin sulbactam combined with fluconazole for 1 week, according to the preoperative urine culture and drug sensitivity results. Endoscopic surgery was performed after the efficacy was determined by routine urine examination. After surgery, fluconazole was administered until the removal of the double-J tube for 2 weeks, and fluconazole was discontinued when no white blood cells or fungus were found. No recurrence of stones or infection was observed at a follow-up of 11 months to 2 years. The rational choice of antimicrobial drugs to treat upper urinary tract calculi combined with dual infection could create good conditions for endoscopic surgical intervention, thus achieving satisfactory clinical outcomes.

Impact of multi-leaf collimator positioning accuracy on quality control of volumetric modulation arc therapy plan for cervical cancer treated with Elekta linear accelerator / 南方医科大学学报

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the influence of positioning accuracy of the multi-leaf collimators (MLC) on the passing rate of the plan dose verification for volumetric modulation arc therapy (VMAT) of cervical cancer using an Elekta linear accelerator.@*METHODS@#The dose distributions were measured using Sun Nuclear's Mapcheck and Arccheck semiconductors matrix before and after MLC calibration in30 cervical cancer patients undergoing VMAT. Dosimetric comparisons were performed with 2D and 3D gamma passing rates of 3%, 3 mm and 2%, and 2 mm. The 3D gamma distribution was reconstructed with respect to the patient's anatomy using 3DVH software to evaluate the possible influence of MLC positioning accuracy.@*RESULTS@#Before and after MLC calibration, the gamma passing rates of Mapcheck were (88.80±1.81)% and (99.25 ± 0.53)% under 3% and 3 mm standard, respectively, with an average increase of 10.45%. The corresponding gamma passing rates of Arccheck were (87.61±1.98)% and (98.13±0.99)%, respectively, with an average increase of 10.52%. The gamma passing rates of 3DVH were (89.87±2.28)% and (98.3±1.15)%, respectively, with an average increase of 8.43%.@*CONCLUSION@#The MLC positioning accuracy is one of the main factors influencing dosimetric accuracy of VMAT for cervical cancer. The application of Autocal software facilitates MLC calibration and improves the accuracy and safety of VMAT delivery for cervical cancer.

Analysis of visual scores of brain magnetic resonance imaging features of dementia with Lewy bodies / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective:To assess the practical value of visual scores of magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)features in the diagnosis and classification of dementia with Lewy bodies(DLB).Methods:In this study, 102 DLB patients were prospectively recruited, with 102 cognitively normal elderly people as the normal control group(NC).All included subjects underwent MRI examinations and neuropsychological assessments.Based on the clinical dementia rating(CDR)scale, DLB patients were divided into a mild(CDR=1.0), a moderate(CDR=2.0)and a severe(CDR=3.0)group.The results of MRI were scored visually and the rating scales included medial temporal lobe atrophy(MTA), global cortical atrophy-frontal subscale(GCA-F), posterior cortical atrophy(PCA), white matter lesions(the Fazekas scale), cerebral microbleeds(CMBs), and the Evans Index(EI).Statistical differences were compared between the DLB and NC groups and between DLB patients with different degrees of cognitive impairment.Results:In terms of neuropsychology, the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) score of the DLB group[16.0(11.0, 21.0)]was statistically significantly lower than that of the NC group[29.0(28.0, 30.0)]( Z=-12.31, P<0.001), the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA)score of the DLB group[9.5(6.0, 15.0)]was statistically significantly lower than that of the NC group[28.0(27.0, 29.0)]( Z=-12.40, P<0.001), and the Activities of Daily Living(ADL)score of the DLB group[32.0(23.8, 40.0)]was statistically significantly higher than that of the NC group[20.0(20.0, 20.0)]( Z=-11.98, P<0.001).The scores of all MRI visual assessment scales in DLB patients were statistically significantly higher than those in the NC group( P<0.001).There were significant differences in MTA scores between DLB patients with different degrees of cognitive impairment( P0<0.001).The MTA score of the mild group[1.0(1.0, 1.0)]was statistically significantly lower than that of the moderate group[2.0(1.0, 2.0)]( P1<0.001, P2<0.001); The MTA score of the moderate group[2.0(1.0, 2.0)]was statistically significantly lower than that of the severe group[2.0(2.0, 3.0)]( P1=0.003, P2=0.010). Conclusions:This study has for the first time after comprehensively evaluated the value of various visual scores in DLB diagnosis, MTA can be used to help diagnose DLB and distinguish the severity of DLB, providing a new supplemental tool for clinical diagnosis.

Effect of obesity on the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective:To investigate the effect of obesity on the efficacy of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.Methods:The clinical data of 81 patients who underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from August 2017 to September 2020 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University were retrospectively analyzed. According to the body mass index (BMI), the patients were divided into the obese group (BMI≥28 kg/m 2, 11 cases) and the non-obese group (BMI<28 kg/m 2, 70 cases). The clinicopathological characteristics, hematopoietic stem cell implantation, post-transplantation complications, survival and recurrence were compared between the two groups. Univariate and multivariate survival analyses were performed by using Cox proportional hazards regression model. Results:The median follow-up time of 81 patients was 280 d (8-1 218 d). The 1-year overall survival (OS) rate was 77.9%, and the 1-year progression-free survival (PFS) rate was 73.8%. The 1-year OS rates of the non-obese group and the obese group were 82.6% and 46.2% ( χ2 = 15.54, P<0.01), and the 1-year PFS rates were 82.1% and 36.4% ( χ2 = 15.56, P<0.01). The non-recurrence mortality (NRM) rates of the non-obese group and the obese group were 7.1% and 32.7% ( χ2 = 6.463, P = 0.01), and the cumulative recurrence rate was 11.5% and 42.9% ( χ2 = 8.146, P = 0.004). Between the non-obese group and the obese group, the median engraft time of neutrophils and platelets, acute graft-versus-host disease, chronic graft-versus-host disease, hemorrhagic cystitis, cytomegalovirus infection and Epstein-Barr virus infection had no statistical difference ( P > 0.05). The result of multivariate analysis showed that obesity was an independent adverse influencing factor for OS of patients with allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ( HR = 3.814, 95% CI 1.343-10.827, P = 0.012). Conclusion:Obesity is an important unfavorable factor that affects patient's survival after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and the improvement of the efficacy and survival of these patients is worthy of further study.

Application progress of individualized immune induction therapy in kidney transplantation / 器官移植

The risk of early acute rejection after kidney transplantation is relatively high, which severely affects the quality of life of the recipients. In 2009, Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) recommended that immune inducers should be included in the immune-inducing regime before kidney transplantation, aiming to provide certain strength of immunosuppression during this critical phase and effectively reduce the incidence of acute rejection following kidney transplantation. At present, the selection, efficacy and safety of immune inducers remain controversial among transplantation centers around the world. In this article, clinical efficacy of monoclonal antibodies including interleukin-2 receptor antagonist, alemtuzumab, rituximab and polyclonal antibody antithymocyte globulin in immune induction therapy before kidney transplantation were compared and literature review was performed at home and abroad, aiming to provide reference for promoting the individualized selection of immune inducers for kidney transplantation and improving the quality of life of recipients.

A Retrospective Analysis of TKI Discontinuation in Patients with CML / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics of the patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) discontinued tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) therapy and the outcome of the patients.@*METHODS@#35 cases of CML patients experienced initiative discontinuation of TKI therapy in our hospital from June 1st 2015 to December 31th 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. The TFR of the patients and the factors affecting it were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#The median duration of TKI administration was 72 (range 35-173) months in the 35 patients. Among these patients, 8 had experienced TKI dose reduction or suspension. All the enrolled patients have achieved at least MMR. The median time for these patients achieving MMR was 15 (range 3-75) months after administration of TKI, and for MMR maintenance before TKI suspension was 55 (range 13-164) months. After TKI withdrawal the median follow up time was 20.3 (range 3-57.9) months, 22 out of 35 patients kept TFR, among them, 2 （5.71%） patients restarted TKI after 12 month suspension, and maintained MMR during suspension. 13 （37.1%）patients lost MMR, among them, 9 patients restarted TKI treatment, and 5 of them achieved MR4.0 after the median duration of 3(2-5) month. No patients were found to have disease progression. The estimated TFR rate was 57.8% and 51.8% at 12 and 24 months after discontinuation, respectively. Other clinical characteristic related to relapse were also analyzed, including the cumulative TKI administration duration, cumulative MMR duration, time to achieve MMR, median age at diagnosis, risk stratification by Sokal score, TKI dose reduction and discontinuation history, and second-generation TKI administration before stopping TKI, however, no statistical difference was found.@*CONCLUSION@#TKI discontinuation is practical for CML patients in our center.

Study on the status of disability acceptance and its influencing factors in patients with permanent bladder fistula / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To investigate the status of disability acceptance in patients with permanent bladder fistula and analyze the influencing factors.Methods:Using the convenience sampling method, 218 patients who were hospitalized in urology from January 2018 to June 2019 were selected as the research subjects. A general data questionnaire, a disability acceptance scale (revised edition), a social impact scale, and a state self-esteem scale were used to investigate 218 patients with permanent cystostomy.Results:The score of disability acceptance in patients with permanent bladder fistula was (82.6±6.9) points, which was moderate, and 49.5% (108/218) of patients with moderate level of disability acceptance. Multiple linear regression analysis showed that the total score of social impact, total score of state self-esteem, age, average monthly household income, postoperative time of ostomy and disability acceptance were important factors ( t values were -8.726-5.786, P<0.05 or 0.01). Conclusion:The degree of disability acceptance in patients with permanent bladder fistula is at a moderate level. It is recommended that relevant nursing staff should encourage patients to receive the effects of ostomy on the body image, and provide support to patients and families to help patients cope with the social environment.

Anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of chenodeoxycholic acid on microglia cell BV2 induced by lipopolysaccharides / 中国药理学与毒理学杂志

OBJECTIVE: To explore the anti-inflammatory effect and mechanism of chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) on lipopolysaccharides (LPS)-induced microglia cell BV2. METHODS: BV2 cells were pre-treated with CDCA 25-100 μmol·L-1 for 2 h, and then incubated with LPS 200 mg·L-1 for 22 h. Nitric oxide (NO) content in the medium was detected by Griess reagent. Protein expressions of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and induced nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were examined by Western blotting. Tumor necrosis factor-or (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β and G-protein coupled receptor 5 (TGR5) mRNA expressions were evaluated by quantitative PCR. BV2 cells were pre-treated with CDCA for 2 h, and then stimulated with LPS 200 mg·L-1 for 1 h. Phosphorylation of NF-ΚB, inhibitor of NF-ΚBα (IΚBα) and serine/threonine protein kinase (Akt) was analyzed by Western blotting, while nuclear translocation of NF-κB was examined by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: Compared with the normal control group, LPS stimulation significantly increased the production of NO and the expressions of COX-2 and iNOS in cells of the model group (P<.05, P<0.01). Meanwhile, LPS stimulation elevated the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β (P<0.01) but decreased that of TGR5 (P<0.01). LPS stimulation increased the phosphorylation of NF-ΚB, IΚBα, and Akt (P<.05, P<0.01), which was accompanied by increased nuclear translocation of NF-KB. Compared with the model group, CDCA significantly reduced the NO content in the medium, and decreased the expression levels of COX-2 and iNOS (P< 0.01). It also significantly decreased the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-1β (P<0.01), but increased that of TGR5 (P<0.01). Further study disclosed that CDCA remarkably reduced the phosophorylation of NF-ΚB, IΚBα, and Akt (P<0.05, P<0.01) and nuclear translocation of NF-ΚB was observed. CONCLUSION: CDCA can significantly inhibit LPS-induced inflammation in BV2 cells, which might be related to the inhibition of Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway by activating TGR5.

Prevalence of autonomic dysfunction and its influencing factors in Chinese elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the prevalence of autonomic dysfunction and its influencing factors in the elderly in Jizhou community of Tianjin.@*Methods@#By using a cross-sectional study, a questionnaire survey was conducted in the elderly in order to investigate the prevalence of autonomic dysfunction and its influencing factors.@*Results@#A total of 1 292 elderly patients were enrolled.Of them, 196 cases had autonomic dysfunction(15.2%, 196/1 292). The main symptoms of autonomic dysfunction were frequent urination, urination urgency, urination incontinence(19.7%, 255/1 292)and constipation(15.9%, 205/1 292). Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that women(OR=1.808, 95%CI: 1.253~2.607), 75-85 years of age(OR=1.573, 95%CI: 1.109~2.232), general anesthesia history(OR=1.552, 95%CI: 1.044~2.307), sleep disorders(OR=2.906, 95%CI: 1.506~2.916), diabetes(OR=1.791, 95%CI: 1.197~2.678)and headache(OR=2.589, 95%CI: 1.482~4.520)were risk factors for autonomic dysfunction.@*Conclusions@#The prevalence of autonomic dysfunction is high in the elderly in Jizhou community of Tianjin city.It is necessary to pay great attention to potential risk factors of autonomic dysfunction in the elderly.And the autonomic dysfunction symptoms should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.

Prevalence of autonomic dysfunction and its influencing factors in Chinese elderly / 中华老年医学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence of autonomic dysfunction and its influencing factors in the elderly in Jizhou community of Tianjin.Methods By using a cross-sectional study,a questionnaire survey was conducted in the elderly in order to investigate the prevalence of autonomic dysfunction and its influencing factors.Results A total of 1 292 elderly patients were enrolled.Of them,196 eases had autonomic dysfunction(15.2％,196/1 292).The main symptoms of autonomic dysfunction were frequent urination,urination urgency,urination incontinence (19.7 ％,255/1 292) and constipation(15.9 ％,205/1 292).Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that women(OR =1.808,95 ％CI:1.253 ～ 2.607),75-85 years of age (OR =1.573,95 ％ CI:1.109 ～ 2.232),general anesthesia history(OR =1.552,95％CI:1.044～2.307),sleep disorders(OR =2.906,95％CI:1.506 ～2.916),diabetes(OR =1.791,95％CI:1.197～2.678) and headache(OR =2.589,95％CI:1.482～4.520)were risk factors for autonomic dysfunction.Conclusions The prevalence of autonomic dysfunction is high in the elderly in Jizhou community of Tianjin city.It is necessary to pay great attention to potential risk factors of autonomic dysfunction in the elderly.And the autonomic dysfunction symptoms should be diagnosed and treated as early as possible.

Effect of iguratimod on diclofenac metabolism by CYP2C9 in rats and human recombinant CYP2C9 yeast cells

Iguratimod (IGU, also known as T-614), a novel disease modifying antirheumatic drug intended to cure patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effect of IGU on the pharmacokinetics of CYP2C9 probe drug diclofenac and its metabolite 4′-hydroxy diclofenac in vivo and in vitro. In in vivo experiments, 24 rats were randomly assigned to three groups consisting of the control group (Normal saline), low dose IGU group (10 mg/kg) and high dose IGU group (30 mg/kg). Blood samples were collected from orbital sinuses vein before 1 hour and serial times of giving diclofenac (15 mg/kg) to all the rats. Plasma concentration of diclofenac and its metabolite 4´-hydroxy diclofenac were assayed by high performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed by Winnonlin 6.4 pharmacokinetic software. Moreover, in vitro studies were performed in recombinant human CYP2C9 yeast cell system. IGU at low dose showed no significant differences in the pharmacokinetic parameters of diclofenac and 4-hydroxy diclofenac in vivo when compared with control group (p>0.005). However, at the high dose of IGU, the pharmacokinetic parameters of 4´-hydroxy metabolite of diclofenac increase in half-life (T1/2) and mean area under the curve (AUC0→24), while a decrease in mean clearance (CL, mL/h/kg) and volume of distribution Vz (mL/kg). In addition, in in vitro study, high doses of IGU reduces the metabolism rate of diclofenac. IGU at high dose significantly increase the pharmacokinetics parameters of 4´-hydroxy diclofenac in rats. Additionally, it also showed the potent inhibitory effect on diclofenac metabolism in recombinant human CYP2C9 yeast cells.

Curative effect of Wenxin Granule and antiarrhythmic drugs in the treatment of atrial fibrillation:a Meta-analysis / 中国中药杂志

To evaluate the efficiency and safety between Wenxin Granule and antiarrhythmic drugs in the treatment of atrial fibrillation(AF). A total of 8 major electronic databases(CNKI, WanFang, VIP, CBM, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, PubMed, EMbase) were retrieved since the establishment of the database to January 10, 2019. Two reviewers extracted data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. The Meta-analysis was made by RevMan 5.3 software. Finally, 42 studies involving 4 657 patients were included. The results of Meta-analysis showed that compared with antiarrhythmic drug, the combined administration with Wenxin Granule and antiarrhythmic drug had a better clinical efficiency(OR=3.37, 95%CI[2.69,4.22],I~2=0%,P<0.000 01)and efficacy on cardioversion(OR=2.32,95%CI[1.67,3.22],I~2=0%,P<0.000 01), with reduction in P_d(MD=-5.48,95%CI [-7.32,-3.64],I~2=0%,P<0.000 01)and P_(max)(MD=-9.91,95%CI[-12.86,-6.95],I~2=0%,P<0.000 01). The comparison between the combined application with Wenxin Granule and the single application of amiodarone showed a clinical efficiency(OR=2.89,95%CI[1.96,4.26],I~2=44%,P<0.000 01),and efficacy on sinus rhythm maintenance(OR=2.58,95%CI[1.82,3.66],I~2=3%,P<0.000 01). The comparison between the combined application with Wenxin Granule and the single application of amiodarone showed a clinical efficiency(OR=0.88,95%CI[0.53,1.46],I~2=0%,P=0.63). The combined treatment with Wenxin Granule has a better clinical efficiency in AF better than amiodarone, with no evidence for more benefits from the single administration with Wenxin Granules.

Efficacy observation of standard-dose IA regimen in treatment of ≥ 55 years old newly diagnosed patients with acute myeloid leukemia / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Objective To explore the clinical efficacy and toxicity of standard-dose IA regimen as induction chemotherapy in treating initially diagnosed acute myeloid leukemia (AML) patients ≥55 years old. Methods A total of 32 patients were enrolled in this study. The remission, survival time and adverse effects after IA regimen were retrospectively analyzed. Results The complete remission (CR) rate, partial remission (PR) rate and overall response (OR) rate were 71.9%(23/32), 9.4%(3/32), 81.3%(26/32) after IA regimen. In favorable, intermediate and poor prognosis groups (grouped by cytogenetic or molecular factors), 6, 14 and 3 cases achieved CR (χ2= 5.571, P= 0.067), 1, 2 and 0 cases achieved PR, while OR rates were 100.0 %(7/7), 84.2 % (16/19), 50.0 % (3/6) (χ2= 2.114, P= 0.359). The median overall survival (OS) time of three groups were 28.07 months (6.57-46.33 months), 16.93 months (0.40-87.57 months) and 3.03 months (2.00-6.00 months) (Z=9.630, P=0.008) and the 2-year OS rates were 83.33%, 46.80%and 0, respectively (χ2=12.206, P< 0.001). Myelosuppression and infections due to neutropenia were the main adverse effects and severe non-hemotologic toxicities were not observed. Conclusion The standard-dose IA regimen can increase CR/OR rate and prolong the median OS time of patients with favorable and intermediate prognosis and it can be used as the first induction chemotherapy regimen for elderly AML patients of ≥55 years old.

Study on expression and change of CRLR, CGRP-RCP in venous blood of New Zealand rabbit with allergic rhinitis / 重庆医学

Objective To observe the expressions and change of calcitonin receptor-like receptor(CRLR) and calcitonin generelated peptide receptor component protein(CGRP-RCP)in venous blood of New Zealand rabbit with allergic rhinitis and to analyze its effective mechanism.Methods Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were divided into the normal control group(A) and allergic rhinitis group(B).Ovalbumin was used to immunize New Zealand rabbits and conduct the nasal cavity stimulation for preparing allergic rhinitis model.The rabbit behavior change was observed in the two groups.The turbinate and nasal septum mucosa were taken for preparing HE sections.The pathologic change of nasal mucosa was observed.The venous blood was collected for detecting CRLR and CGRP-RCP levels change by ELISA.Results The behavior scores showed that the behavior score on 1-5 d after nasal cavity stimulation had statistical difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).The HE staining displayed that the nasal cavity mucosa and mesenchyma had slightly edema with blood vessels mild hyperplasia and congestion,the inflammatory cells infiltration was unobvious,and had little nasal secretions.The group B had obvious interstitial edema,vascular hyperplasia,congestion and a large number of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells infiltration.The CRLR and CGRP-RCP levels in the group B were significantly increased compared with the group A(t=5.143,10.595,P＜0.05).Conclusion CRLR and CGRP-RCP may play an important effect in pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.

Study on expression and change of CRLR, CGRP-RCP in venous blood of New Zealand rabbit with allergic rhinitis / 重庆医学

Objective To observe the expressions and change of calcitonin receptor-like receptor(CRLR) and calcitonin generelated peptide receptor component protein(CGRP-RCP)in venous blood of New Zealand rabbit with allergic rhinitis and to analyze its effective mechanism.Methods Twenty-four New Zealand rabbits were divided into the normal control group(A) and allergic rhinitis group(B).Ovalbumin was used to immunize New Zealand rabbits and conduct the nasal cavity stimulation for preparing allergic rhinitis model.The rabbit behavior change was observed in the two groups.The turbinate and nasal septum mucosa were taken for preparing HE sections.The pathologic change of nasal mucosa was observed.The venous blood was collected for detecting CRLR and CGRP-RCP levels change by ELISA.Results The behavior scores showed that the behavior score on 1-5 d after nasal cavity stimulation had statistical difference between the two groups(P＜0.05).The HE staining displayed that the nasal cavity mucosa and mesenchyma had slightly edema with blood vessels mild hyperplasia and congestion,the inflammatory cells infiltration was unobvious,and had little nasal secretions.The group B had obvious interstitial edema,vascular hyperplasia,congestion and a large number of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells infiltration.The CRLR and CGRP-RCP levels in the group B were significantly increased compared with the group A(t=5.143,10.595,P＜0.05).Conclusion CRLR and CGRP-RCP may play an important effect in pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis.

Effects of Garcinia Acid Combined with Daunorubicin on Expression of Pregnane X Receptor in Leukemia Cell Line K562/A02 / 中国实验血液学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore the expression of PXR (Pregnane X receptor) in several malignant hematological cell lines, and to investigate the reversal effect of Gambogic acid (GA) on multi-drug resistance (MDR) of K562/A02 cell line and its reversal mechanism.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Transcription of PXR was detected by real-time PCR in several malignant hematological cell lines. The growth inhibition rate of K562/A02 in different experimental groups was assayed by MTT method, and the expression of PXR protein was measured by Western blot.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>PXR gene transcription could be detected in several hematological malignancy cell lines, and it was significantly higher in K562/A02 cell line, compared with the other cell lines used in this experiment. Low-dose GA could enhance cell growth inhibition rate, increasing the effect of chemotherapy, which may be associated with down-regulation of PXR expression. PXR gene transcription and protein expression in GA and DNR+GA groups decreased as compared with control group and the DNR group, suggesting that low-dose GA can down-regulate PXR gene transcription and protein expression.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>PXR gene transcription can be detected in several hematological malignancy cell line, which is significantly higher in K562/A02 cell line, as compared with the other cell lines used in this experiment. Low-dose GA can enhance cell growth inhibition rate, increasing the effect of chemotherapy, which may be associated with down-regulation of PXR expression.</p>

Cloning and bioinformatics analysis of Giardia lamblia C2 strain SENP gene and prokaryotic expression of SENP catalytic domain / 中国人兽共患病学报

SUMOylation is a post‐translational modification involved in various cellular processes .SUMO‐specific protease (SENP) regulates SUMOylation by removing SUMO from conjugated substrates (deSUMOylation) and promoting maturation of SUMO precursor .In order to express Giardia lambia (C2 strain) SENP catalytic domain in E .coli ,the full‐length open reading frame of SENP was amplified by PCR from Giardia lamblia genome DNA .The PCR product about 1 620 bp was cloned into cloning vector pGM‐T .Sequencing result showed the sequence of SENP in C2 strain was identical with that in Gi‐ardia WB strain .Bioinformatics analysis showed that SENP protein possessed a 372 aa discontinuous ULP catalytic domain at C‐terminal .The catalytic domain of SENP was cloned into prokaryotic expression vector pET‐28a(+ ) .The recombinant vector pET‐28a(+ )‐SENPc was transformed into E .coli Rosetta(DE3) ,then the recombinant SENPc protein was expressed by IPTG induction .SDS‐PAGE and Western blot using anti‐His Tag antibody showed that the expression product of SENPc was a fusion protein with a molecular weight of 43 kD .The successful prokaryotic expression and bioinformatics analysis of Giardia lamblia SENP protein provide basis for further functional study of SENP .

Determination methods for absolute configuration of natural products / 国际药学研究杂志

The physical, chemical, biological and pharmacological properties of natural products (NP)are closely related to their absolute configurations, and the determination of the NP configurations is a great challenge for natural product chemists and has attracted widespread attention of researchers. People have summed up a variety of determination methods, such as single-crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), Mosher" s method based on the chemical reaction with the chiral reagents and nuclear magnetic resonance NMR, circular dichroism CD and organic synthesis methods, etc. These methods have advantages and disadvantages for the determination of absolute configuration of NP with different structure characteristics. This paper reviewes the principles, advantages and limitations of these common methods.

Proteomic fingerprinting of N-linked glycoproteins involved in hepatocellular carcinoma / 解剖学报

Objective To identify differentially expressed N-linked glycoproteins between hepatocellular carcinoma ( HCC) and adjacent non-tumorous liver tissues .Methods N-linked glycoproteome was extracted by multi-lectin affinity chromatography comprising concanavalin A (ConA), lentil lectin (LCH), and snowdrop lectin (GNA) and subsequently subjected to two-dimensional electrophoresis ( 2DE ) and mass spectrometry ( MS ) for identification of differential glycoproteins between 10 pairs of HCC and adjacent non-cancer tissue .Western blotting was used to verify different expression of human liver carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1), haptoglobin (HP)and cathepsin D (CD).Invasion potential in vitro was examined after si-RNA mediated CD gene scilencing .Results LC-ESI-MS/MS identified a total of 28 differentially expressed glycoproteins (14 up-regulation and 14 down-regulated).Western blotting detected consistent down-regulation of hCE1 and HP, and up-regulation of pro-cathepsin D (pCD) in HCC.Up-regulation of ConA-binding CD (ConA-CD), however , was verified in HCC only after ConA-CD enrichment by ConA chromatography .Down-regulation of CD expression mediated by CD-siRNA markedly inhibited the in vitro invasive potential of SNU449 and SNU473.Conclusion Dysregulation of HP , hCE1 expression and alteration of glycans linked to CD may play crucial roles in pathogenesis of HCC.

Build of lentiviral mediated RNA interference of mammalian target of rapamycin / 重庆医学

Objective To build of lentiviral mediated RNA interference of mammalian target of rapamcin (mTOR) ,because the mammalian target of rapamycin plays a important role in tumor development and the signal path .Methods According to RNA in-terference (RNAi) design rules Completely ,in view of the gene called mTOR was desiged four interference targets and Negative control (FAM ) sequence ,first of all ,synthetic oligonucleotides nucleotide fragments with artificial ,and can obtain siRNA fragments effectively by the method of PCR joining together ,then undertake transfection on lung adenocarcinoma A 549 cell by Lipofectamine transfection reagent 2000 .To begin to observe the enhanced green fluorescent protein expression in lung adenocarcinoma A 549 cells by fluorescence microscopy at high magnification after 1 days .We can use semi-quantitative RT-PCR method ,and detect of mTOR gene expression of mRNA level after 1 days ,meanwhile ,testing the expression of protein levels by Western Blot after 2 days ,in or-der to select the most efficient interference target sequence ,,afterwards ,synthetic double-stranded DNA ,and it can be make up vec-tor system with plasmid pHelper 1 .0 and pHelper 2 .0 by the pGCL-GFP carrier ,further transfect 293 T cells ,at last produce lenti-viral after packaging ,then detection GFP protein expression levels by Western-Blot method ,and consequently detect the virus drops degree of 293T cells ,at the same time ,identify the activity .Results The high efficiently target of mTOR gene has been successfully selected ;mTOR siRNA infecte of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vitro culture ,and the gene is obviously silence no mat-ter from the mRNA level or protein level ;3 mTOR gene lentivirus siRNA carrier was successfully build .geting virus supernatant al-so ,and virus drops to 1 × 108 UT/mL .Conclusion MTOR siRNA infected of human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cells in vitro cul-ture ,and could lead to mTOR gene obviously silence ;The construction was successfully gene mTOR siRNA lentivirus vectors .